Rare phytocoenotaxonomic diversity of the steppe zone of Ukraine: analysis and applied aspects

  • D. V. Dubуna M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
  • P. M. Ustymenko M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
  • B. A. Baranovski Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Keywords: vegetation, rare association, rare phytocenofund, Green Book of Ukraine, nature reserve territories

Abstract

Preservation of rare phytocenotic diversity is one of the priority tasks in the integral problem of biodiversity protection. The implementation of these tasks requires a transition to such principles as the use of a system of preventive/prophylactic and direct methods and modes of conservation depending on the type of vegetation and the homeostasis of plant communities. It was established that the state of rare groups of Ukraine has changed significantly over the past few decades, It is noted that the Steppe biome under the influence of a huge anthropogenic press not only underwent significant changes, but also lost its structure and regulatory properties, which led, in fact, to its destruction and the complete death of numerous elements. The purpose of the work was to compile information on the current state of rare groups in the steppe zone using data from ecological-cenotic and floristic studies, to assess their presence in the territories of biosphere and natural reserves and national natural parks in the region. Field research was carried out using classical geobotanical methods (detailed routing, establishment of test sites, geobotanical description). A critical analysis of the current rare phytocenophyte, the data of modern synphytosozological studies and the latest geobotanical information on the rare phytocenotic diversity made it possible to establish the modern rare phytocenophyte of the steppe zone of Ukraine. It has 321 associations of 48 formations. The forest vegetation has only 16 associations of 3 formations. Steppe vegetation is characterized by the most numerous rare phytocenophand, which is represented by 180 associations of 19 formations, grass and shrub communities of the xerotic type on outcrops and sands have 23 associations of 5 formations, 3 associations of one formation are established for swamp vegetation, halophytic vegetation is characterized by the presence of 13 associations of 5 formations. Higher aquatic vegetation is represented by 86 associations of 1 formation. Summarization of materials based on the results of geobotanical studies of rare taxa carried out in the region after the release of the state document «Green Book of Ukraine» in 2009 allowed to identify 96 associations (1 forest, 79 steppe, 7 grass and shrub communities of the xerotic type on outcrops, 3 halophytic, 6 water), which are new rare associations. The levels of their representation in biosphere reserves (BZ) and nature reserves (NP) and national natural parks (NPP) have been established. They are protected in 22 nature reserve territories (NPAs) of higher categorical ranks, in particular – in 3 BZ, 6 – PZ, 13 – NPP It was concluded that the state of protection of the rare vegetation of the region is typologically and syntaxonomically representative in the PZT system of the highest sociological rank. The level of security for most rare associations is high and average, in a small number of formations it is low. A small number of rare associations are protected in only one PZT, which is insufficient. A number of protected associations are represented by small fragments or groups with a weakened edifying value of the main components.

References

Baranovski, B. O., Manyuk, V. V., Ivanko, I. A., & Karmyzova, L. O. (2017). Analiz flory natsionalnoho pryrodnoho parku «Orilskyi» [Analysis of the flora of the Orilskyi National Nature Park]. Dnipro, Lira.



Baranovski, B. A., Ivanko, I. A., Gasso, V. J., Ponomarenko, O. L., Dubyna, D. V., Roshchyna, N. O., Karmyzova, L. O., Polevа, J. L., & Nikolaieva, V. V. (2021). Biodiversity of the Regional Landscape Park Samara Plavni within the first large reservoir in Europe. Biosystems Diversity, 29(2), 160–179.



Bilyk, H. I., Tkachenko, V. S. (1978). Novi vidomosti pro lisy z uchastiu Quercus pubescens Willd. v Odeskii oblasti [New information on forests with Quercus pubescens Willd. in Odesa region]. Ukr. botan. zhurn. 35 (1), 15–18 (in Ukrainian).



Didukh, Ya. P. (1992). Ekolohichni osoblyvosti uhrupovan Querceta pubescentis pivdennoho zakhodu Ukrainy [Ecological features of groups of Querceta pubescentis in southwestern Ukraine]. Ukr. botan. zhurn., 49 (5), 40–44 (in Ukrainian).



Dubyna, D. V., Ustymenko, P. M., Vakarenko, L. P., Boiko, P. M., Boiko, M. F. (2010). Rehionalna ekomerezha v konteksti okhorony ta vidnovlennia roslynnoho pokryvu stepovoi zony Ukrainy [Regional eco-network in the context of protection and restoration of the vegetation cover of the steppe zone of Ukraine]. Chornomorsk. botan. zhurn. 6 (3), 325–337 (in Ukrainian).



Manyuk, V. V., Baranovski, B. O., Roshchina, N. O. (2018). Suchasnyi stan ta bahatorіchna dynamіka flory pryrodnoho zapovіdnyka “Dniprovsko-Orilskyi” [The current state and the most dynamic dynamics of the natural reserve “Dniprovsko-Orilskyi”]. Dnіpro (in Ukrainian).



Mosyakin, S. L., Fedoronchuk, M. M. (1999). Vascular plants of Ukraine (Nomenclatural checklist). Kyiv, Naukova dumka, 346 p.



Sheliah-Sosonko, Yu. R. (1975). Dubovi lisy z Quercus pubescens Willd. pivdennoho zakhodu URSR [Oak forests with Quercus pubescens Willd. south-west of the Ukrainian SSR]. Ukr. botan. zhurn., 32 (1), 109–112 (in Ukrainian).



Sheliah-Sosonko, Yu. R. (1999). Holovni rysy ekomerezhi Ukrainy. Rozbudova ekomerezhi Ukrainy [The main features of the eco-network of Ukraine. Development of the eco-network of Ukraine]. Kyiv, 13–22 (in Ukrainian).



Sheliah-Sosonko, Yu., Movchan, Ya., Vakarenko, L., Dubyna, D. (2002). Yak vidnovyty balans ekosystemy? [How to restore the balance of the ecosystem?]. Visnyk NAN Ukrainy, 10, 141S. 5–14 (in Ukrainian).



Ustymenko, P. M., Dubyna, D. V. (2015). Kodeks fitotsenotaksonomichnoi nomenklatury (proekt). [Phytocoenotaxonomic nomenclature code (draft)]. Ukr. botan. zhurn, 72 (2), 103–115 (in Ukrainian).



Ustymenko, P. M., Sheliah-Sosonko, Yu. R., Vakarenko, L. P. (2007). Rarytetnyi fitotsenofond Ukrainy [Rare phytocenofund of Ukraine]. Kyiv, Fitosotsiotsentr (in Ukrainian).



Yakubenko, B. Ye., Popovych, S. Yu., Ustymenko, P. M., Dubyna, D. V., Churilov, A. M. (2017). Heobotanika: metodychni aspekty doslidzhen. Navchalnyi posibnyk [Geobotany: methodical aspects of research. Tutorial]. Kyiv, Lira-K (in Ukrainian).



Zelena knyha Ukrainy (2009). [Green book of Ukraine]. Kyiv, Alterpres (in Ukrainian).

Published
2022-06-14
How to Cite
DubуnaD. V., Ustymenko, P. M., & Baranovski, B. A. (2022). Rare phytocoenotaxonomic diversity of the steppe zone of Ukraine: analysis and applied aspects. Ecology and Noospherology, 33(1), 3-8. https://doi.org/10.15421/032201